Editing Japanese

The Japanese faction was well received by the [[Glest Board|Glest community]], praised largely for its large techtree, uniqueness, and good quality models. Based on historical Japan, it was vividly popular and continues expansion with the recent release of a new techtree map. It has been considered being added into the Megapack, though no decisions were made and much work with balancing would be necessary before that could occur, as even a portion of the community is uncertain about whether the Japanese faction is genuinely balanced or not, it remains a topic of discussion. In addition to the exclamation that the Megapack was too large as it was.

|Japanese:人足(Ninnsoku), 夫丸(Bumaru)

Produced from: "Castle".          

|Japanese:小作農(Kosakunô), 貧農(Hinnô = Poor farmer)

Produced from: "farmhouse".        

|Japanese: 医僧(Isô)

Produced from: "Buddhist Temple".        

|Japanese:伴天連(Bateren = Padre), 宣教師(Senkyoshi)

Produced from: "Seminario".          

Historical Background: In 1549, Francisco de Xavier of Societas Iesu first brought Christianity in Japan. Since then, many Christian Missionaries were sent to japan from some orders and many churches and Seminaries were built under the protection of Christian converted Daimyos, and Daimyos who wanted wealth brought by the society and trade with european world, also the Latest military technologies brought by these men (such as gunpowders, cannons, Warships) appealed many daimyos who want to compete their rival daimyos. most notably of these men, Luís Fróis(1532 - 1597, portguese) who was engaged in missionary work in 畿内(Provinces near Kyoto), Center of japan under the protection of Daimyo 織田 信長(Oda Nobunaga 1534 - 1582). Later Fróis wrote a record of his missionary work in japan, known as "Historia de Iapam", which is a valuable historical material of Sengoku period japan. Number of christian populace was incresed during their missionary work, but in 1612 Anti-Christian Edicts was issued from Tokugawa Shogunate, and expand of christianity in japan was diminished.

|Japanese:民一揆(Tami Ikki), 土一揆(Tsuchi Ikki), 農民一揆(Nômin Ikki), 百姓一揆(Hyakushô Ikki)

Morph from: "Peasant".          

Historical Background: The term "Ikki" is used for community united to obtain certain objective. the word is oftain translated as "Revolt" or "Putsch". The peasants in early~middle sengoku time were main supply for most Daimyos conscripted soldiers, Ashigarus. So in a sense, these peasants were half soldiers, half farmers. they owned arms such as katanas for themselves. and they often revolted against a tyranny. the peasants revolts called "百姓一揆 (Hyakushô Ikki)". The Daimyo 柴田 勝家(Shibata Katsuie 1522 - 1583) executed a program called "刀狩り(katana gari, literally means sword hunt)" in 1577 to disarm civilians and prevent the revolts. Later Daimyo 豊臣 秀吉(Toyotomi hideyoshi 1537 - 1598) did the same measure Shibata did, but more largely in 1588 and tried to disarm whole civilians in Japan.

|Japanese:長柄足軽(Nagae Ashigaru), 槍足軽(Yari Ashigaru)

Produced from: "Barrack".          

|Japanese:僧衆(Sôshû), 僧兵(Sôhei), 悪僧(Akusô)

Historical Background: Warrior monks are military groups belonged to Temples and Shrines. At the time of conflicts, the Temples and Shrines had large manor and wealth were threatened by Bandits and many other outside factions. so they had to have private armies to defend themselves. arming of the temples and shrines had propelled under the circumstances. The armies of temples and shrines became very powerful and sometimes conflicts between these armies and the rival temples and the Imperial court occured. The nature of the warrior monks were rude and arrogant. In Muromachi-period, the Shogun 足利 義教(Ashikaga Yoshinori, 1394 - 1441) attacked the one of the biggest temple, 延暦寺(Enryaku-ji) on the 比叡山(Mount Hiei). Later Daimyo 織田 信長(Oda Nobunaga, 1534 - 1582) attacked Enryaku-ji again and burned whole the mountain. The trend of arming temples and shrines had been continued until the Daimyo 豊臣 秀吉(Toyotomi Hideyoshi 1537 - 1598) disarmed civilians.

|Japanese:脇槍(Wakiyari), 槍従者(Yari-jyuusha = Retainer Spearman)

Produced from: "Dojo". Requirements: none.

 

In Sengoku period, battle tactics of japan shifted to group tactic and Ashigarus and other low-rank soldiers fought in the mass, but core military force of the armies of that time, Samurais still counted on honor of individual fights. They fought individually, and they put their retainers by their right-side, to protect their weak side -When fight with spear, right-side of the Spearman become weak side- . The Samurai retainers were called "脇槍(Wakiyari = Side Spear)" or 又者（Matamono), 従者(Jyuusha = Retainer).

|[[File:Glest jp wakiyari.png|75px]]

|Japanese:剣豪(Kengô), 剣士(Kenshi), 剣客(Kenkaku), 兵法者(Hyohoja)

|Japanese:侍(Samurai), 武士(Bushi), 武者(Musha) 徒歩槍(Kachi-yari = Samurai foot spearman)

Produced from: "Dojo"        

|Japanese:弓武者(Yumi-musha), 弓取り(yumitori), 徒歩弓(Kachi-yumi = Samurai foot archer)

|Japanese:大鉄砲(Dai teppô = Big Gun)

|Japanese:馬廻り(Uma-mawari),旗本(Hatamoto)

|Japanese:侍大将(Samurai Daishô or Taisho)

Produced from: "Dojo".          

|Japanese:礫(Tsubute), 投石兵(Tôseki Hei = Stone Thrower)

Produced from: "Barrack".        

The term "投弾 Tôdan = sling" was defined in archaeology but there was traditional word from ancient times of japan which means stone throwing "つぶて Tsubute", in Kanji "飛礫" or "礫". The word was even found in "万葉集 manyôshû", the oldest existing collection of Japanese poetry, compiled in late 8th century. Furthermore, tsubute has many alternative words like "印地 Inji", "印池打ち Inji uchi", "石投げ Ishinage = Stone throwing", "石打ち Ishi uchi = Shooting stones", "投石 Tôseki = Throwing stone", "石戦 Ishi Ikusa = Stones War", "石合戦Ishi Gassen = Stones battle" from ancient times.

The mighty army of Takeda clan led by lord 武田 信玄(Takeda Shingen, 1521 - 1573)had the well disciplined "Stone throwing troops" in it's line. In the Battle of Mikatagahara(1572) where Takeda crashed 徳川 家康(Tokugawa Ieyasu 1543 - 1616), The Stone throwing troops of Takeda consisted of 300 men of Ashigarus harassed lesser besieged army of Tokugawa, and led the anger Tokugawa army out of their castle and sober lord Takeda engaged them with his main force, and defeated Tokugawa's army utterly.

Also in the 島原の乱(Shimabara no Ran, Christian peasants rebellion in Shimabara, 1638) of edo period, The army of Tokugawa Shogunate was inflicted many casualties by stone throwing from besieged Ikki-peasants in Hara Castle. In the battle, famous 剣聖(Kensei = Sword Saint) 宮本 武蔵(Miyamoto Musashi, 1584 - 1645) also joined an army of Shogunate. but in midst of the battle, Musashi was hit by stone and his leg was injured. Ran of Shimabara was bitter siege fighting, in there, Musashi's highly trained sword fighting arts was useless. When hit by the stone, Musashi had some epiphany and after the battle, he never take sword, lived in retirement and wrote "五輪書 Go Rin No Sho = The Book of Five Rings".

|Japanese:弓足軽(Yumi Ashigaru), 射手の足軽(Ite no Ashigaru = Shooter Ashigaru)

|Japanese:車仕掛けの竹束付の弓(Kuruma jikake no taketaba tsuki no yumi)

Morph from: "Yumi Ashigaru"        

Historical Background: Traditionally japanese archers used wooden shields in fieldbattle and siege warfare, but appearance of guns made those wooden shields ineffective. thus new counterplot for firearms was needed. 竹束(Taketaba = bamboo bundle) had been invented and used as the effective shield against bullets. Bundled bamboos could effectively protect archers from enemy bullets. The most used bamboo shields were stationary type, but mobile type of bamboo shields with wheels were also used. the mobile type bamboo shield was called 車仕掛けの竹束(Kuruma jikake no taketaba = Wheeled Taketaba).

|japanese:鉄砲足軽(Teppô Ashigaru)

Produced from: "Barrack".          

|Japanese:車仕掛けの竹束付の鉄砲(Kuruma jikake no taketaba tsuki no teppô)

Morph from: "Teppo Ashigaru"        

|Japanese:旗手(Kishu), 旗持ち(Hatamochi), 旗指足軽(Hatasashi Ashigaru), のぼり旗(Nobori Hata)

Produced from: "Barrack".          

Historical Background: From the ancient times, flags were used at armed camps in japan. Since the middle of the Heian(794 to 1185/1192) period, Flags used in armed camps of Samurai clans. For example, the War flags were used to display alignment of 平(Taira clan).Thus, these flags are military flags, and number of the flags display the size of the troops.        

Since the Kamakura(1185–1333) period, the flags decorated with emblems of Samurai clans. The battle standards at that time were called "長旗 Naga-hata = Long Banner", consisted of long clothes, with a stick tied at the edge of the cloth, tied on a pole. When run up the banner and march, the banner flows in the winds, so the banner was also called "??? Nagare-bata = Floating Banner". Hard ones of bamboos were used for the poles of the banners.        

In the Muromachi(1336-1573) period, new type of the battle standard called "昇旗 Nobori-bata" which is bind the side of the banner to a pole with straps had been made. The standards were set up in front of the war camps, as the signs of the Samurai General's headquarter. So the standards are also called "大将旗 Taishô-hata = General's standard". The "風林火山 Furinkazan = Wind, Forest, Fire and Mountain" battle standard of Daimyo 武田 信玄(Takeda Shingen, 1521 - 1573) is famous, which quoting chapter 7 of Sun Tzu's ''The Art of War'': "Move as swift as a wind, stay as silent as forest, attack as fierce as fire, undefeatable defense like a mountain." In addition, The pole heights of the standards are usually about 3.6meters for 3meters flag. and 4 ~ 5 meters pole for 3.6meters flag.

|Japanese:忍(Shinobi), 忍者(Ninja), 間者(Kanja), 乱破(Rappa), 素破(Suppa)

|Japanese:大筒(ôdutsu)

|Japanese:加農砲(Kanôhô), 石火矢(Ishibiya)